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Tags: TCP Offloading
Newer Windows variants and Network Adapter drivers include a number of 'TCP Offloading' options. Windows 8/2012 server, for example includes:
Chimney Offload
Checksum Offload
Receive-Side Scaling State (RSS)
Receive Segment Coalescing State (RSC)
Large Send Offload (LSO)
In addition to the OS level TCP offloading options, Network Adapter drivers have some of those, like 'Checksum offload' and 'Large Send Offload (LSO)' as well. Even if offloading is turned off at the OS level, the NIC driver can still use its own variant of offloading, check the driver properties as well!
Whether you should use TCP Offloading options is a tricky question depending on your usage, and which specific offloading you plan to use. It is generally recommended to keep some of them on for client machines because of improved throughput and lower CPU utilization (except LSO), and turn more of them off for servers, buggy NIC drivers, or when experiencing problems.
This recommendation stems from some buggy NIC drivers, that, when combined with TCP Offloading and multi-threaded applications can cause havoc to the NIC driver. It seems to be related to applications switching threads causing the NIC driver to switch its active TCP Offload connection in the NIC hardware and that switching process is prone to failure or excessive delay.
In conclusion, yes, TCP Offloading speeds up the connection and reduces CPU utilization when it works, use it in client machines, and with newer OS variants where bugs have been corrected, but be very careful in server environments, especially with LSO, and with multi-threaded applications. Test, then test again!
For server issues, see:
TCP Offloading again?!
Symantec Clearwell server recommendations
Specific hardware recommendations:
In Realtek Gigabit Network Adapters, disable: Flow Control (Rx & Tx DISABLED). Disabling Flow Control can reduce timeouts and considerably improve throughput under Windows 8, most likely due to buggy implementation at the driver level.
For Intel/Broadcom Adapters, Large Send Offload (LSO) can cause issues, disable it at the adapter driver level, and possibly in the OS TCP/IP network stack.
Chimney Offload
Checksum Offload
Receive-Side Scaling State (RSS)
Receive Segment Coalescing State (RSC)
Large Send Offload (LSO)
In addition to the OS level TCP offloading options, Network Adapter drivers have some of those, like 'Checksum offload' and 'Large Send Offload (LSO)' as well. Even if offloading is turned off at the OS level, the NIC driver can still use its own variant of offloading, check the driver properties as well!
Whether you should use TCP Offloading options is a tricky question depending on your usage, and which specific offloading you plan to use. It is generally recommended to keep some of them on for client machines because of improved throughput and lower CPU utilization (except LSO), and turn more of them off for servers, buggy NIC drivers, or when experiencing problems.
This recommendation stems from some buggy NIC drivers, that, when combined with TCP Offloading and multi-threaded applications can cause havoc to the NIC driver. It seems to be related to applications switching threads causing the NIC driver to switch its active TCP Offload connection in the NIC hardware and that switching process is prone to failure or excessive delay.
In conclusion, yes, TCP Offloading speeds up the connection and reduces CPU utilization when it works, use it in client machines, and with newer OS variants where bugs have been corrected, but be very careful in server environments, especially with LSO, and with multi-threaded applications. Test, then test again!
For server issues, see:
TCP Offloading again?!
Symantec Clearwell server recommendations
Specific hardware recommendations:
In Realtek Gigabit Network Adapters, disable: Flow Control (Rx & Tx DISABLED). Disabling Flow Control can reduce timeouts and considerably improve throughput under Windows 8, most likely due to buggy implementation at the driver level.
For Intel/Broadcom Adapters, Large Send Offload (LSO) can cause issues, disable it at the adapter driver level, and possibly in the OS TCP/IP network stack.
Software Drivers
rate: avg: in my case Intel drivers and windows 8.1 support this feature very well. in addition the offload reduces CPU usage by approximately 10% and increases sustained throughput by approximately 7-8% for large file transfers on a LAN. I have also used this feature for over a year with no negative drawbacks. For these reasons I would recommend people trying this feature rather than simply disabling it without any testing in their set-up. Also for this reason I feel it is a mistake for the TCP/IP Optimizer utility to disable this feature as part of the optimal profile. I feel it should offer keep this feature enabled and offer advice if people hit issues using it. I have a few questions on specifics... Which Intel NIC? Is it a separate card or motherboard on-board one? Which TCP Offloading options specifically (Intel NICs have a few of them)? Large Send Offload (LSO) ? (IPv4/IPv6) TCP Checksum Offload ? (IPv4/IPv6) UDP Checksum Offload ? (IPv4/IPv6) Something else ? Which ones make the difference for you ? These are my settings, its an intel nic: - D54250WY - bios INTEL - 2C, WYLPT10H.86A.0044.2016.1214.1710, American Megatrends - 4028E - Haswell (so a couple years old): - OS 6.3.9600 (win8.1 pro 64-bit) Intel(R) Ethernet Connection I218-V Intel Driver Date 2016-07-26 Version 12.15.23.7 NDIS 6.30 Flow Control Rx & Tx Enabled Interrupt Moderation Disabled IPv4 Checksum Offload Rx & Tx Enabled Jumbo Packet Disabled Large Send Offload V2 (IPv4) Enabled Large Send Offload V2 (IPv6) Enabled Maximum Number of RSS Queues 2 Queues Protocol ARP Offload Enabled Protocol NS Offload Enabled Packet Priority & VLAN Packet Priority & VLAN Enabled Receive Buffers 256 Receive Side Scaling Enabled Speed & Duplex 1.0 Gbps Full Duplex TCP Checksum Offload (IPv4) Rx & Tx Enabled TCP Checksum Offload (IPv6) Rx & Tx Enabled Transmit Buffers 512 UDP Checksum Offload (IPv4) Rx & Tx Enabled UDP Checksum Offload (IPv6) Rx & Tx Enabled Wake on Magic Packet Disabled Wake on Pattern Match Disabled Adaptive Inter-Frame Spacing Disabled Energy Efficient Ethernet On Enable PME Enabled Interrupt Moderation Rate Off Legacy Switch Compatibility... Disabled Log Link State Event Enabled Gigabit Master Slave Mode Auto Detect Locally Administered Address -- Reduce Speed On Power Down Enabled System Idle Power Saver Enabled Wait for Link Auto Detect Wake on Link Settings Disabled * Jumbo is disabled and I haven't tested these settings with 9k or above. SettingName : Internet * This is the profile in use for all connections. MinRto(ms) : 300 InitialCongestionWindow(MSS) : 4 CongestionProvider : CTCP CwndRestart : False DelayedAckTimeout(ms) : 50 DelayedAckFrequency : 2 MemoryPressureProtection : Disabled AutoTuningLevelLocal : Normal AutoTuningLevelGroupPolicy : NotConfigured AutoTuningLevelEffective : Local EcnCapability : Enabled Timestamps : Disabled InitialRto(ms) : 2000 ScalingHeuristics : Disabled DynamicPortRangeStartPort : 49152 DynamicPortRangeNumberOfPorts : 16384 AutomaticUseCustom : Disabled NonSackRttResiliency : Disabled ForceWS : Disabled MaxSynRetransmissions : 2 AutoReusePortRangeStartPort : 0 AutoReusePortRangeNumberOfPorts : 0 I haven't tried many combinations of offload of/off I tend to have them all on and find this gives very good performance in the range of ~110MB/s sustained transfer rate. I can't get much more than this. should have said - might be worth making people aware of jumbo frame issues too. I guess a lot of folks might try enabling this and either have huge issues esp. with home kit or if it does work for them they might be using it for the wrong reasons and not realize things like latency implications etc. we successfully use jumbo to squeeze a few more MB/s from nfs for large file transfers in our hypervisor environment but most people should probably stay clear of this for home use/. Also I've had some success with SR-IOV in virtualisation environments however some checksum offloads have caused issues on occasion. things like ftp on windows start failing in these kinds of cases looking at wireshark data clearly shows the checksum calculations have failed. Anyone recommend disabling on a Broadcom Nic on a HV Host? Just the VMs? Flow Control helped a lot on my new system, its February 2020, drivers are Janurary 2020... so this feature is tried and tested. It keeps my connections from timing out and all kinds of drop out issues with multiple threads downloading from multiple servers, it helps so much. My connection was basically unusable when downloading 10 megabytes per second, without flow control enabled. Also connecting to my router IP web UI was timing out with flow control disabled. This feature is working great on realtek devices that support the latest drivers; Realtek also updates their drivers on a month to month basis, sometimes sooner, they do not neglect their products, they are excellent. |